Most pond problems are oxygen problems.
We put the oxygen back into ponds, lakes, and lagoons without chemicals, then record the recovery week by week so you can watch it happen. It is restoration you can measure.
5 mg/LDissolved oxygen is the oxygen held in the water itself, and fish need about this much of it. This page follows that number down.
Every night, the oxygen falls
By day, algae and plants put oxygen into the water faster than the pond can use it. After dark the making stops while the using continues, so the level slides all night and reaches its low just before dawn. The pond looks calm through all of it, and the fish live at the low, not at the average.
Dissolved oxygen over one summer day
View the data
| hour | dissolved oxygen (mg/L) |
|---|---|
| 0 | 7.2 |
| 3 | 5.4 |
| 5 | 4.2 |
| 7 | 5.6 |
| 10 | 8.4 |
| 13 | 11.2 |
| 16 | 12.6 |
| 19 | 10.8 |
| 21 | 9.0 |
| 24 | 7.2 |
On a heavily loaded pond, the dawn low can fall through5 mg/L, where most warm-water fish are stressed, and keep going toward 3 mg/L, where they are in danger. The morning after a hot, still night is when a summer fish kill is usually discovered.
The problem starts at the bottom
The bloom, the smell, and the dawn fish kill are all manufactured below the surface, where the oxygen runs out first. Follow a typical pond down through one late-summer day, and watch the oxygen fall.
0-6 ft
The warm layer keeps the oxygen
Nearly all of a pond's oxygen enters near the top, from the air and from photosynthesis in the sunlit few feet. Through the summer the sun warms that layer, and because warm water is lighter than cold, it floats. The pond separates into layers that stop mixing, which is what stratification means.
6-10 ft
The thermocline closes the door
A few feet down, the temperature drops sharply across a boundary called the thermocline. Wind and waves circulate everything above it, while everything below it sits still, cut off from the air. From early summer on, the deep water lives off whatever oxygen it carried down in spring.
10-16 ft
The bottom runs out first
The sediment holds every leaf, clipping, and dead alga that ever sank, and the bacteria digesting that material draw oxygen around the clock. Sealed under the thermocline, they empty the deep water's supply by midsummer. Digestion then shifts to the slow, airless kind, the kind that makes the rotten-egg smell, builds muck instead of clearing it, and lets phosphorus leak back out of the sediment to feed the next bloom at the surface.
Why surface fixes stay at the surface
This is the water a fountain never touches. A fountain circulates the top few feet around itself. An air-stone bubbler releases bubbles millimeters wide, which rise and burst within seconds, giving up little oxygen on the way. An algaecide clears this month's bloom, then sinks it onto the sediment as fuel for the next one.
Oxygen that stays down here
An N-Series unit dissolves oxygen into the water as nanobubbles, gas spheres smaller than 200 nm across. Below about a micron, a bubble stops behaving like a bubble: it has no meaningful buoyancy, and the constant jostling of water molecules outweighs its urge to rise.
So the oxygen does not race back to the surface and burst. It stays suspended for weeks, drifts wherever the water goes, and keeps dissolving the whole time, through the full depth and into the sediment where the digestion is happening. The unit runs on ambient air and adds oxygen and nothing else.
2,500×smaller than a grain of salt, the working size of a nanobubble
The mechanism is the part physics settles. What it does to your particular water is a measurement, and every unit carries the sensors to take it.
What we sell
We sell three things, and you meet them in this order.
1
A written assessment
Describe your water, and a specialist replies in writing within 2-3 business days: what it usually means, what we would measure first, and whether going further makes sense. If your water needs something other than what we do, the reply says so.
What the assessment covers →freeno visit required
2
An N-Series unit, which you own
One platform in four sizes, matched to your water during the assessment. Every unit dissolves oxygen through the full depth and carries the sensors that measure the pond it restores. The equipment is yours outright.
The N-Series →$3,900-85,000target bands by size, below
3
Stewardship, which runs it
The service contract: maintenance visits, sensor calibration, seasonal transitions, and a plain-language weekly report against your dated baseline. If a curve is not moving, you hear it from us first.
What Stewardship includes →priced with the sitein the written proposal
What an N-Series unit costs
Every figure marked "target" is an engineering target for units now in build. Targets are published so you can plan, not to impress you; they can move during production, and the measured value replaces each one when units ship. Changes are logged where the number lives.
N1
For ponds to a quarter acre: backyard, garden, and farm ponds
$3,900-5,900target
N2
For golf, HOA, and community ponds to five acre-feet
$11,900-15,900target
N3
For lakes of 5-20 acres, including deep, stratified water
$28,000-42,000target
N4
For working lagoons of 1-10 acres carrying high organic loads
$55,000-85,000target
For scale, from public records
A Florida city council approved up to $121,800 for an eight-month trailer-mounted nanobubble pilot at a city marina (Titusville, November 2025), and a California city bought two lake-scale units for about$1.7 million in sale and installation (Lake Elsinore, LABJ). A fountain or diffused aerator runs $500-8,000 and works the surface. None of these are like-for-like quotes for your water; they show the shape of the market the bands sit in.
Read the fit for your situation:homeownersgolf coursesHOAsmunicipalitieslagoon operators
The band narrows to a number for your water in the assessment, which is free and in writing.Get a free assessment →
Restoration you can measure
Every installation starts by fixing the report's format in advance. The case file has four parts: a dated baseline, a written prediction, the weekly readings, and a section for what didn't move. Because the format was set before any water had a record, a result cannot quietly choose its own grading, and the page that reports an improvement is obliged to report the metric that lagged beside it.
How we measure is public down to the instrument. Dissolved oxygen comes from a research-grade optical sensor and is reported in mg/L to one decimal; clarity is reported as Secchi depth, the depth at which a standard black-and-white disk disappears from view. Efficiency claims publish only against the ASCE/EWRI 2-06 clean-water standard, with the test cited.
Every figure on this site carries one of three postures.
- stated as factwhat a unit is and how the physics works: architecture, true by design.
- targeta figure for units now in build, always labeled, always carrying the caveat, replaced by the measured value when units ship.
- citedthird-party results, with the source and its limits attached.
The founding cohort
The first N-Series units are in build now, and every founding installation runs the same 12-week instrumented validation against the standard above: a dated baseline, a written prediction, and weekly readings plotted against both. A case file publishes only with the owner's agreement, whichever way the curves go, and if a metric lags on your water, you hear it from us first.
Being early means two concrete things: priority scheduling, because requests are answered in the order they arrive, and a record of your own water kept to a public standard from its first week.
12 weeksof instrumented validation on every founding installation
Tell us what your water is doing.
1
You describe the water: what you see, what you smell, what you have tried, and roughly how big it is.
2
A specialist reads it and replies in writing within 2-3 business days. There is no mailing list, and a call happens only if you ask for one.
3
If the water needs what we do, it goes on the schedule for the first on-site assessments. If it needs something else, the reply says so.